![]() Both the string have a different casing, and thus directly using the = method would have returned that they are not equal, but while using the = method, we have to use the. In this example(), we compare the strings str1 and str2. How can these methods help in string comparison? Well, we can first change our input string to a common case, i.e., upper case or lower case, and then we can compare them using the = method. Syntax: str.upper() where str is the string. The upper() method takes a string as a parameter and returns the string after converting all its characters to upper case. Syntax: str.lower() where str is the string. The lower() method takes a string as a parameter and returns the string after converting all its characters to lowercase. However, this problem can be overcome by using the python lower() and upper() methods. This causes similar strings with different casings not to match. In both cases, we get the output that the strings are equal even though str3 is differently cased because we have used case-insensitive comparison using re.IGNORECASE flag.Ĭase insensitive comparison with upper() or lower()Īs we have seen, most of the methods mentioned above are case-sensitive, treating upper-case and lowercase characters differently. In this example, we have compared str1 with str2 and str3. Also, the re.IGNORECASE flag is specified to make the matching case insensitive. Case-insensitive comparison using re.match()Ĭase-insensitive comparison can be made using re.match() by using one string as the input string and the second string as the regular expression. The re module is also required to be imported to use the re.match() function.Įxamples 1. Here str1 is the string to be matched, regex/str2 is a regular expression to be matched with the string, and FLAG is an optional parameter to specify any flags. This function matches two regular expression patterns and returns whether they are equal. ![]() Re.match() is a function of the python re module, which is the Regular Expression module. Then we compared these two strings using the above-mentioned relational operators. ![]() In this example, we have created two strings str1 and str2. It has the syntax: str1 >= str2 where str1 and str2 are the strings to be compared. Less than equal to(=)-This operator returns True if the first string is lexicographically larger than or equal to the second string. It has the syntax: str1 > str2 where str1 and str2 are the strings to be compared. Less than()-This operator returns True if the first string is lexicographically larger than the second string. As comparison is done for each character, relational operators maintain lexicographical order. In the case of strings, relational operators sequentially compare each character of both strings according to the characters' Unicode value. Relational operators return true or false depending upon the condition. Relational operators are generally used for numeric values but they can also be applied to the string. Relational Operators are used for comparing values in python. The is and is not methods compare strings based on their IDs. In such a case, both strings have the same ID. In that case, python points this new variable to the previously created variable instead of creating a new variable in memory. Suppose a new string variable is created with the same value as a previously created string. This means that python strings are cached because they are immutable objects, and only one instance can be used as a reference for multiple declarations. In python, a special technique known as string interning is used. We can compare strings in Python in the following ways - Using is and is not String comparison is an important function in Python. Finding the larger or smaller string is also part of string compaison. If they are not equal, one string would be larger than the other lexicographically. String comparison in python is the process of comparing two strings and deciding if they are equal or not equal to each other. Introductionįor example, how would you compare two names if you need to sort a set of names in lexicographical(alphabetical) order? Well, the answer is string comparison. String comparison in python can be made both case sensitive(using = or !=) or case insensitive(using lower() or upper()). It is an important process in computer science. String comparison is the process of comparing two strings for similarity.
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